Family financial management involves the systematic and comprehensive oversight of household finances, significantly contributing to the financial well-being. A key aspect of every household is the active involvement of spouses in managing finances, with financial literacy playing a crucial role in this process. This study aims to explore the relationship between financial literacy and the allocation of financial responsibilities within households, with a focus on demographic factors. The research is applied in purpose and employs a descriptive cross-sectional design for data collection. The study population consists of couples residing in Khuzestan and Kurdistan provinces, with 213 couples selected through simple random sampling. To test the research hypotheses, Cohen’s kappa coefficient, binary logistic regression, and dyadic multilevel regression modeling were utilized. The findings indicate that couples participate in various aspects of household financial management, including shopping and home accounting, credit and debt repayment, saving and investing, and insurance. Additionally, while couples show some agreement on the division of financial responsibilities (such as proposing, decision-making, and implementation), this agreement is relatively weak. Dyadic multilevel regression results reveal that men predominantly hold financial decision-making power. Among seven demographic variables examined, only gender and education significantly influence financial literacy, both subjective and objective.