تجربه زیسته چالش‌های پرورش فرزند ناشنوا از دیدگاه پدران شنوا: پژوهش کیفی با رویکرد پدیدارشناسی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه روانشناسی و آموزش افراد با نیازهای خاص، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان

چکیده

فرزندپروری مؤثر باعث ارتقای سلامت جسمی، عاطفی، روانی و اجتماعی کودکان می‌شود. این پژوهش بر اساس رویکرد پدیدارشناسی توصیفی انجام شد و هدف از اجرای آن، بررسی تجربه زیسته مشکلات پرورش فرزند ناشنوا از دیدگاه پدران شنوا بود. حجم نمونه هفت نفر بود و ملاک‌های اصلی برای انتخاب شرکت‌کنندگان، زندگی با همسر و فرزندان، داشتن حداقل یک فرزند با آسیب شنوایی شدید یا عمیق و حسی‌عصبی مادرزادی و داوطلب بودن برای شرکت در پژوهش بود. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته استفاده و تجربه‌های زندگی شرکت‌کنندگان بررسی شد. برای تحلیل مصاحبه‌ها از روش کلایزی استفاده شد. نتایج مصاحبه‌ها پس از استخراج موضوعی و طبقه‌بندی، در پنج مقوله اصلی تحت عنوان پذیرش کودک توسط والدین، موقعیت اجتماعی، آگاهی والدین، شبکه‌های حمایتی و چالش‌های زندگی طبقه‌بندی شدند. در مجموع، واکاوی تجربه زیسته والدین شنوای دارای کودک ناشنوا نشان داد آن‌ها به روش‌های مختلفی تحت‌تأثیر وضعیت ناشنوایی فرزند خود قرار می‌گیرند. بنابراین از این مقوله‌ها می‌توان به منظور تدوین برنامه‌های آموزشی و روان‌شناختی برای کودکان ناشنوای دارای والدین شنوا استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Lived Experience of the Challenges of Raising a Deaf Child from the Perspective of Hearing Fathers: Qualitative Research with a Phenomenological Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohre Eghbalnia
  • Mohammad Ashori
Ph.D. student of Psychology and Education of People with Special Needs, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Effective parenting improves children’s physical, emotional, mental and social health. This research was conducted based on the descriptive phenomenology approach and the purpose of its implementation was to investigate the lived experience of the challenges of raising a deaf child from the perspective of hearing fathers. The sample size was seven people and the main criteria for selecting the participants who were living with a spouse and children, having at least one child with severe or profound hearing loss and congenital sensory impairment, and volunteering to participate in the research. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data and the life experiences of the participants were investigated. The Colaizzi method was used to analyze the interviews. The results of the interviews were classified into 5 main categories under the title of acceptance of the child by parents, social conditions, parents’ awareness, support networks and life challenges. In sum, the analysis of the lived experience of hearing parents with a deaf child showed that they are affected by their child’s deafness in different ways. Therefore, these categories can be used to formulate educational and psychological programs for deaf children with hearing parents.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Deaf child
  • Hearing Father
  • Lived Experience
  • Phenomenology

مراجع

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