سازگاری و مشاجرات زناشویی زوجین در دوران شیوع کووید ـ19

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه ملایر

چکیده

ویروس کرونا و میزان شیوع آن در جامعه مشکلات روان‌شناختی زیادی را به دنبال دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر سازگاری و مشاجرات زناشویی زوجین در دوران شیوع کوویدـ19 بود. روش پژوهش علی‌ـ مقایسه‌ای بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را کل زوجین زیر 40 سال یکی از شهرستان‌های غرب ایران تشکیل دادند. از میان این زوجین 79 نفر به صورت حضوری و آنلاین در پژوهش شرکت نمودند. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از مقیاس سازگاری زوجی اصلاح‌شده [RDAS] (باسبی و همکاران، 1995) و مقیاس محقق‌ساخته‌ مشاجرات زناشویی (1399) استفاده شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون t همبسته استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در میان زوجین میانگین سازگاری زناشویی و ابعاد آن (توافق، رضایت و انسجام) در زمان شیوع کوویدـ19 کاهش و میزان مشاجرات زناشویی (داد زدن، پرخاشگری کلامی، دعوای فیزیکی، قهر کردن، تهدید کردن، توهین کردن و تحقیر کردن) افزایش یافته‌ است. نتایج تلویحات مهمی درباره توجه به پیامدهای زناشویی ویروس کرونا در میان زوجین دارد و برنامه‌ریزی در جهت کاهش مشکلات زناشویی به‌صورت حضوری و آنلاین در این زمینه پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Marital Adjustment and Couple Disputes during the Outbreak of COVID-19

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeed Ariapooran
  • Razieh Hajimoradi
Malayer University
چکیده [English]

The coronavirus and its prevalence in the community cause many psychological problems. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the marital adjustment and disputes among couples during the outbreak of COVID-19. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population of this study consisted of all couples under 40 in one of the cities in western of Iran. Of these couples, 79 participated in the study offline and online. For data collection, the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale [RDAS] (Basby et al, 1995) and the Researcher-Made Scale of Marital Disputes (2021) were used. Paired Sample t-test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that among couples, the marital adjustment mean and its dimensions (Consensus, satisfaction and cohesion) decreased and the rate of marital disputes (shouting, verbal aggression, physical fights, silent treatment, intimidation, insult and humiliation) increased during the outbreak of COVID-19. The results have important implications for the marital consequences of the COVID-19 among couples, and online and offline planning to reduce marital strife is suggested.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • COVID-19
  • marital adjustment
  • marital dispute

اصل مقاله

یوسفی، ن. (1390). بررسی شاخص‌های روان‌سنجی مقیاس کیفیت زناشویی، فرم تجدید نظر شده (RDAS). پژوهش‌های روا‌ن‌شناسی بالینی و مشاوره، 2(1)، 183-200.

 

Abujilban, S., Mrayan, L., Hamaideh, S., Obeisat, S., & Damra, J. (2021). Intimate partner violence against pregnant jordanian women at the time of COVID-19 pandemic’s quarantine. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260520984259.

Ariapooran, S., & Khezeli, M. (2021). Symptoms of anxiety disorders in Iranian adolescents with hearing loss during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC psychiatry, 21(1), 1-5.

Bao, Y., Sun, Y., Meng, S., Shi, J., & Lu, L. (2020). 2019-nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society. The Lancet, 395, e37-e38.

Barbisch, D., Koenig, K. L., & Shih, F.Y. (2015). Is there a case for quarantine? Perspectives from SARS to Ebola. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness, 9(5), 547–553.

Blair, S. L. (1993). Employment, family, and perception of marital quality among husbands and wives. Journal of Family Issues, 14(2), 189-212.

Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., & Greenberg, N. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395, 912–920.

Busby, D. M., Crane, D. R., Larson, J. H., & Christensen. C. (1995). A revision of the dyadic adjustment scale for use with distressed and no distressed couples: Construct hierarchy and multidimensional scale. Journal of Marital and family therapy, 21, 289- 308.

Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y… & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study.  The Lancet, 395(1), 507–513. 

Chung, S. K. G., Chan, X. W., Lanier, P., & Wong, P. (2020). Associations Between Work-Family Balance, Parenting Stress, and Marital Conflicts During COVID-19 Pandemic in Singapore. Project: Parenting during COVID-19 Circuit-breaker in Singapore.

Davis, M., Gilbar, O., & Padilla-Medina, D. M. (2021). Intimate partner violence victimization and perpetration among US adults during the earliest stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Violence and victims, 36(5), 583-603.

Dubey, S., Biswas, P., Ghosh, R., Chatterjee, S., Dubey, M. J. Chatterjee,S., … & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetes Metabolism Syndrome, 14, 779–788.

Erbek, E., Beştepe, E., Akar, H., Eradamlar, N., & Alpkan, R. L. (2005). Marital adjustment. Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 18, 39-47.

Gorbalenya, A. E., Baker, S. C., Baric, R. S., de Groot, R. J., Drosten, C., Gulyaeva, A. A., ... & Neuman, B. W. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: The species and its viruses–a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group. bioRxiv, doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.07.937862.

Grundy, E. (2010). Household transitions and subsequent mortality among older people in England and Wales: trends over three decades. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 65, 353–359.

İkican, T. Ç., Coşansu, G., Erdoğan, G., Küçük, L., & Bilim, İ. Ö. (2019). The relationship of marital adjustment and sexual satisfaction with depressive symptoms in women. Sexuality and Disability, 38, 247–260.

Karney, B. R., & Bradbury, T. N. (1995). The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: A review of theory, methods, and research. Psychological bulletin, 118, 3-34. 

Kendrick, H. M., & Drentea, P. (2016). Marital adjustment. Encyclopedia of Family Studies,  https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119085621.wbefs071.

Krejcie, R.V., & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30,607-610.

Lai, C. C., Shih, T. P., Ko, W. C., Tang, H. J., & Hsueh, P. R. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 55(3), 105924. 

Liua, X., Kakadeb, M., Fullerb, C. J., Fanb, B., Fangc, Y., Kongc, J., ... & Wua, P. (2012). Depression after exposure to stressful events: Lessons learned from the SARS Epidemic. Comprehensive psychiatry, 53, 15-23.

Lucas, A. (2016). Marital Quality. Encyclopedia of Family Studies, DOI:10.1002/9781119085621.wbefs056.

Mathur, K. L., Sharma, M., Mazumdar, M., Talati, S., & Srivastav, S. (2018). Psychological well-being, marital adjustment and quality of life after hysterectomy: a comparative. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 7(12), 4960-4965.

Mousavi, S. F. (2020). Psychological well-being, marital satisfaction, and parental burnout in Iranian parents: The effect of home quarantine during COVID-19 outbreaks. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 3305.

Moustgaard, H., & Martikainen, P. (2009). Nonmarital cohabitation among older Finnish men and women: socioeconomic characteristics and forms of union dissolution. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 64,507–516.

Neff, L, A., & Karney, B. R. (2017). Acknowledging the elephant in the room: How stressful environmental contexts shape relationship dynamics. Current Opinion in Psychology, 13, 107–110.

Randall, A. K., & Bodenmann, G. (2008). The role of stress on close relationships and marital satisfaction. Clinical Psychology Review, 29, 105-115.

Richmond, P., & Roehner, B. M. (2017). Impact of marital status on health. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 486, 542-553.

Robards, J.,Evandrou, M.,Falkingham, J., &  Vlachantoni, A. (2012). Marital status, health and mortality. Maturitas, 73, 295–299.

Robertson, E., Hershenfield, K., Grace, S. L., & Stewart, D. E. (2004). The psychosocial effects of being quarantined following exposure to SARS: a qualitative study of Toronto health care workers. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 49, 403–407.

 Timmons, A. C., Arbel, R., &  Margolin, G. (2017). Daily patterns of stress and conflict in couples: associations with marital aggression and family-of-origin aggression. Journal of Family Psychology, 31(1), 93–104.

Troxel, W. M. (2006). Marital quality, communal strength, and physical health, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.

World Health Organization (2021). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation dashboard. Retrieved from https://covid19.who.int/.

Yosefi, N. (2011). Investigation the psychometric of revised dyadic adjustment scale (RDAS). Research in Clinical Psychology and Counseling, 2, 183-200 [in Persian]. 

Zandifar, A., & Badrfam, R. (2020). Iranian mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 101990.

 

مراجع

یوسفی، ن. (1390). بررسی شاخص‌های روان‌سنجی مقیاس کیفیت زناشویی، فرم تجدید نظر شده (RDAS). پژوهش‌های روا‌ن‌شناسی بالینی و مشاوره، 2(1)، 183-200.
 
Abujilban, S., Mrayan, L., Hamaideh, S., Obeisat, S., & Damra, J. (2021). Intimate partner violence against pregnant jordanian women at the time of COVID-19 pandemic’s quarantine. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260520984259.
Ariapooran, S., & Khezeli, M. (2021). Symptoms of anxiety disorders in Iranian adolescents with hearing loss during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC psychiatry, 21(1), 1-5.
Bao, Y., Sun, Y., Meng, S., Shi, J., & Lu, L. (2020). 2019-nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society. The Lancet, 395, e37-e38.
Barbisch, D., Koenig, K. L., & Shih, F.Y. (2015). Is there a case for quarantine? Perspectives from SARS to Ebola. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness, 9(5), 547–553.
Blair, S. L. (1993). Employment, family, and perception of marital quality among husbands and wives. Journal of Family Issues, 14(2), 189-212.
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., & Greenberg, N. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395, 912–920.
Busby, D. M., Crane, D. R., Larson, J. H., & Christensen. C. (1995). A revision of the dyadic adjustment scale for use with distressed and no distressed couples: Construct hierarchy and multidimensional scale. Journal of Marital and family therapy, 21, 289- 308.
Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y… & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study.  The Lancet, 395(1), 507–513. 
Chung, S. K. G., Chan, X. W., Lanier, P., & Wong, P. (2020). Associations Between Work-Family Balance, Parenting Stress, and Marital Conflicts During COVID-19 Pandemic in Singapore. Project: Parenting during COVID-19 Circuit-breaker in Singapore.
Davis, M., Gilbar, O., & Padilla-Medina, D. M. (2021). Intimate partner violence victimization and perpetration among US adults during the earliest stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Violence and victims, 36(5), 583-603.
Dubey, S., Biswas, P., Ghosh, R., Chatterjee, S., Dubey, M. J. Chatterjee,S., … & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetes Metabolism Syndrome, 14, 779–788.
Erbek, E., Beştepe, E., Akar, H., Eradamlar, N., & Alpkan, R. L. (2005). Marital adjustment. Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 18, 39-47.
Gorbalenya, A. E., Baker, S. C., Baric, R. S., de Groot, R. J., Drosten, C., Gulyaeva, A. A., ... & Neuman, B. W. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: The species and its viruses–a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group. bioRxiv, doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.07.937862.
Grundy, E. (2010). Household transitions and subsequent mortality among older people in England and Wales: trends over three decades. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 65, 353–359.
İkican, T. Ç., Coşansu, G., Erdoğan, G., Küçük, L., & Bilim, İ. Ö. (2019). The relationship of marital adjustment and sexual satisfaction with depressive symptoms in women. Sexuality and Disability, 38, 247–260.
Karney, B. R., & Bradbury, T. N. (1995). The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: A review of theory, methods, and research. Psychological bulletin, 118, 3-34. 
Kendrick, H. M., & Drentea, P. (2016). Marital adjustment. Encyclopedia of Family Studies,  https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119085621.wbefs071.
Krejcie, R.V., & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30,607-610.
Lai, C. C., Shih, T. P., Ko, W. C., Tang, H. J., & Hsueh, P. R. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 55(3), 105924. 
Liua, X., Kakadeb, M., Fullerb, C. J., Fanb, B., Fangc, Y., Kongc, J., ... & Wua, P. (2012). Depression after exposure to stressful events: Lessons learned from the SARS Epidemic. Comprehensive psychiatry, 53, 15-23.
Lucas, A. (2016). Marital Quality. Encyclopedia of Family Studies, DOI:10.1002/9781119085621.wbefs056.
Mathur, K. L., Sharma, M., Mazumdar, M., Talati, S., & Srivastav, S. (2018). Psychological well-being, marital adjustment and quality of life after hysterectomy: a comparative. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 7(12), 4960-4965.
Mousavi, S. F. (2020). Psychological well-being, marital satisfaction, and parental burnout in Iranian parents: The effect of home quarantine during COVID-19 outbreaks. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 3305.
Moustgaard, H., & Martikainen, P. (2009). Nonmarital cohabitation among older Finnish men and women: socioeconomic characteristics and forms of union dissolution. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 64,507–516.
Neff, L, A., & Karney, B. R. (2017). Acknowledging the elephant in the room: How stressful environmental contexts shape relationship dynamics. Current Opinion in Psychology, 13, 107–110.
Randall, A. K., & Bodenmann, G. (2008). The role of stress on close relationships and marital satisfaction. Clinical Psychology Review, 29, 105-115.
Richmond, P., & Roehner, B. M. (2017). Impact of marital status on health. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 486, 542-553.
Robards, J.,Evandrou, M.,Falkingham, J., &  Vlachantoni, A. (2012). Marital status, health and mortality. Maturitas, 73, 295–299.
Robertson, E., Hershenfield, K., Grace, S. L., & Stewart, D. E. (2004). The psychosocial effects of being quarantined following exposure to SARS: a qualitative study of Toronto health care workers. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 49, 403–407.
 Timmons, A. C., Arbel, R., &  Margolin, G. (2017). Daily patterns of stress and conflict in couples: associations with marital aggression and family-of-origin aggression. Journal of Family Psychology, 31(1), 93–104.
Troxel, W. M. (2006). Marital quality, communal strength, and physical health, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
World Health Organization (2021). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation dashboard. Retrieved from https://covid19.who.int/.
Yosefi, N. (2011). Investigation the psychometric of revised dyadic adjustment scale (RDAS). Research in Clinical Psychology and Counseling, 2, 183-200 [in Persian]. 
Zandifar, A., & Badrfam, R. (2020). Iranian mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 101990.

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