مقایسه استرس مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی با و بدون ناتوانی هوشی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشگاه الزهرا

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه استرس مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی با و بدون ناتوانی هوشی صورت گرفت. این پژوهش از نوع علّی ـ مقایسه‌ای بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر شامل همه مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی با و بدون ناتوانی هوشی شهر شیراز بودند که از بین آن‌ها نمونه‌ای به حجم 116 نفر (58 نفر از آن‌ها مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی با ناتوانی هوشی و 58 نفر از آن‌ها مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی بدون ناتوانی هوشی) انتخاب شدند.از پرسش‏نامه رویدادها و تغییرات زندگی (مک‌کابین و همکاران،1996) برای سنجش استرس استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل واریانس دوطرفه نشان داد که‌ استرس مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی با ناتوانی هوشی به طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از استرس مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی بدون ناتوانی هوشی است.هم‌چنین نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره نشان داد که استرس مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی با ناتوانی هوشی در خرده‌مقیاس‌‌های استرس‏های درون‏خانوادگی، استرس‏های زناشویی، استرس‏های مالی و تجاری، بیماری و استرس پرستاری، از دست دادن اعضای خانواده و مشکلات قضایی خانواده  نسبت به مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی بدون ناتوانی هوشی به طور معنا‌داری بالاتر است. شایان ذکر است که بین  استرس مادران کودکان پیش‌دبستانی با و بدون ناتوانی هوشی در خرده‌مقیاس‌‌های استرس‏های ناشی از بارداری و فرزندان، استرس‏های کاری و تغییر شغلی و کم و زیاد شدن اعضای خانواده تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد. با توجه به یافته‌‌های این پژوهش پیشنهاد می‌شود که مسئولین آموزش کودکان با ناتوانی هوشی، برنامه‌های آموزش خانواده بهنگام با تأکید بر برنامه‌های مدیریت استرس برای والدین کودکان پیش‌دبستانی با ناتوانی هوشی فراهم نمایند تا بر پیشرفت همه جانبه این کودکان تأثیر بگذارند و از پیامدهای زیان‌آوری که این کودکان را در سنین مدرسه تهدید می‌کند، پیشگیری کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing Stress of Mothers of Pre-school Children with and without Intellectual Disabilities

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghorban Hemati Alamdarloo 1
  • Setareh Shojaee 1
  • Gholam Reza Dehshiri 2
  • Mohammad Mehdi Teymoori Asfichi 1
  • Mohammad Sadegh Arjmandi 1
1 Shiraz University
2 Shiraz University
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to compare stress of mothers of pre-school child-ren with and without intellectual disa-bilities. This is a causal-comparative research. A sample of 116 mothers (58 Mothers of Pre-school children with intellectual disabilities and 58 mothers of Pre-school children without intelle-ctual disabilities) were selected.Family inventory of life events was used for measuring stress level.Analysis of data using two-way ana-lysis of variance test showed that the stress level of mothers of pre-school children with intellectual disabilities significantly are higher than the stress level of mothers of pre-school children without intellectual disabilities. Moreover, multiple analysis of varia-nce revealed that in five subscales (intrafamily strains, marital strains, finance and business strains, illness and family care strains, losses, family legal violations) stress level of moth-ers of pre-school children with intelle-ctual disabilities significantly are more than the stress level of mothers of pre-school children without intellectual disabilities and in the three subscales (work-family transitions and strains, transition in and out, pregnancy and childbearing strains) there was no sig-nificant differences between mothers of pre-school children with  and wit-hout intellectual disabilities.According to the finding of this rese-arch, it is recommended that educators of children with intellectual disability provide family education program especially in stress management area for parents of pre-school children with intellectual disability in order to help multidimensional development of the-se children and prevent detrimental consequences that threaten these chil-dren in school age and adulthood.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Stress- Mothers- Preschool Children- Intellectual Disabilities

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