پیش‌بینی کمال‌گرایی بهنجار و نوروتیک دختران توسط ابعاد کمال‌گرایی مادران و الگوهای ارتباطی خانواده

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ارسنجان

2 دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی نقش کمال‌گرایی مادران و الگوهای ارتباطات خانواده در پیش‌بینی کمال‌گرایی بهنجار و نوروتیک فرزندان است. 200 دانش‌آموز دختر مقطع پیش‌دانشگاهی و مادرانشان شرکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش بودند و مقیاس چندبعدی کمال‌گرایی (فراست و همکاران،1990) و ابزار تجدیدنظر شده الگوی ارتباطات خانواده (فیتزپاتریک و ریچی،1990) را تکمیل کردند، ابزارها روایی و پایایی مطلوبی نشان دادند.یافته‌ها حاکی از آن بود که کمال‌گرایی نوروتیک و بهنجار مادران به ترتیب قادر به پیش‌بینی کمال‌گرایی نوروتیک و بهنجار دختران می‌باشد. از ابعاد الگوهای ارتباطی خانواده نیز بعد جهت‌گیری همنوایی، پیش‌بینی‌کننده مثبت و معنادار کمال-گرایی نوروتیک است. در مجموع، یافته‌ها مؤید انتقال بین نسلی کمال‌گرایی می‌باشد که نشان می‌دهد ویژگی‌های شخصیتی والدین و نحوه تعاملات اعضای خانواده به‌ویژه والدین زمینه‌ساز شکل‌گیری ویژگی شخصیتی کمال‌گرایی و تعیین نوع بهنجار یا نوروتیک آن می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prediction of Normal and Neurotic Perfectionism of Doughters based on Perfectionism Dimensions of Mothers and Family Communication Patterns

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ladan Hashemi 1
  • Morteza Latifian 2
1 Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch
2 Tabriz University
چکیده [English]

This study examined the developmental origins of perfectionism. As such, the role of mothers’ perfectionism and family communication patterns in normal and neurotic perfectionism of daughters was investigated in a group of 200 year 12 high school girls. Participants completed multidimensional perfectionism scale (Frost, Marten, Lahart & Rosenblate, 1990) and family communication patterns (Fitzpatrick & Ritchie, 1994). Instruments showed good reliability and validity. Findings indicated that normal and neurotic perfectionism of mothers’ predicated normal and neurotic perfectionism of daughters. Also, conformity orientation as one dimension of communication patterns positively and significantly predicted neurotic perfectionism in daughters. In general, findings approve transgenerational of perfectionism and indicate that parents’ personality characristics and interactions of family members provide the context for the development of perfectionism that might be neurotic or normal. Other findings have been discussed in research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Developmental Origins
  • Normal and Neurotic Perfectionism
  • Family Communication Patterns

مراجع

  1. بشارت، م. (1383). «رابطه کمال‌گرایی و مشکلات بین شخصی»، دانشور رفتار، 11(7)، 8-1.
  2. کوروش‌نیا، م. (1385). بررسی تأثیر ابعاد الگوهای ارتباطی خانواده بر میزان سازگاری روانی فرزندان. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز.
  3. محققی، آ. (1390). تقابل نسل‌ها در سایه ارزش‌ها. روزنامه ایران، شماره5034، (23/12/1390) ص. 13.
  4. نظیری، ق.، بیرشک، ب.، و محمدیان، م. (1387). شیوه‌های فرزندپروری کمال‌گرایانه پدران و مادران عامل زمینه ساز اختلال وسواسی- اجباری. مجلة اندیشه و رفتار، 5(3)، 7-1.
  5. هاشمی، ل.، و لطیفیان، م. (در دست چاپ). بررسی روایی و پایایی مقیاس چند بعدی کمال‌گرایی فراست MPS-F.
  6. Ablard, K. E., & Parker, W. D. (1997). Parents' achievement goals and perfectionism in their academically talented children. Journal of Youth and Adolescence; 26(6), 651
  7. Adkins, K. K., & Parker, W. D. (1996). Perfectionism and suicidal preoccupation. Journal of Personality, 64, 529-543.
  8. Adler, A.(1956). Striving for superiority. In H. L. Ansbacher & R .Ansbacher(Eds.), The individual psychology of Alfred Adler: A systematic presentation in selections from his writings. New York: Harper & Row.
  9. Ashby, J. S., Kottman, T., & Schoen, E. (1998). Perfectionism and eating disorders reconsidered. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 20, 261-271.
  10. Barrow, J., & Moore, C. A. (1983). Group interventions with perfectionist thinking. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 61, 612–615.
  11. Bart, S., Andrew, J. E., Goossens, L., Vansteenkiste, M., Luyten, P., & Duriez, B. (2005). The Intergenerational transmission of perfectionism : Parents’ psychological control as an intervening variable. Journal of Family Psychology, 19(3), 358–366
  12. Bieling, P. J., Israeli, A. L., & Antony, M. M. (2004). Is perfectionism good, bad, or both? Examining models of the perfectionism construct. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 1373-1385.
  13. Blankstein, K. R., Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., & Eng, A. (1993). Dimensions of perfectionism and irrational fears: An examination with the fear survey schedule. Personality and Individual Differences, 15, 323-328.
  14. Blatt, S. J. (1995). The destructiveness of perfectionism. American Psychologist, 50(12), 1003-1020.
  15. Broday, S. F. (1988). Perfectionism and Millon basic personality patterns. Psychological Reports, 63, 791-794.
  16. Burns, D. (1980). The perfectionist's script for self-defeat. Psychology Today, November, pp. 34–51.
  17. Driscoll, R. (1982). Their own worst enemies. Psychology Today, July, pp. 45–49.
  18. Enns, M. W., Cox, B. J., & Clara, I. (2001). Adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism: Developmental origins and association with depression proneness. Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 921-935.
  19. Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2004). The family communication patterns theory: Observation on its development and application. Journal of Family Communication, 4, 167-179.
  20. Fitzpatrick, M. A., & Ritchie, L. D. (1994). Communication schemata within the family: Multiple perspectives on family interaction. Human Communication Research, 20, 275-301
  21. Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., & Singer, A. (1995). Perfectionism and parental authority styles: Individual psychology. Journal of Adlerian Theory, Research and Practice, 511, 50–60.
  22. Frost. R. O., Marten, P., Lahart. C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 449-468.
  23. Frost, R. O., Lahart, C. M., & Rosenblate, R. (1991). The development of perfectionism: A study of daughters and their parents. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 15, 469–489.
  24. Frost, R. O., & Henderson, K. J. (1991). Perfectionism and reactions to athletic competition. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 13, 323-335.
  25. Hamachek, D. E. (1978). Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism. Psychology, 15, 27-33.
  26. Hill, R. W., Zrull, M. C., & Turlington, S. (1997). Perfectionism and interpersonal problems. Journal of Personality Assessment, 69, 81-103.
  27. Helesen, M., Vollebergh, W., & Meeus, W. (2003). Social support from parents and friends and emotional problems in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 29(3), 319-335.
  28. Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L., & Weber, C. (1994). Dimensions of perfectionism and suicide ideation. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18, 439-460.
  29. Hill, R. W., Huelsmann, T. J., Furr, R. M., Kibler, J., Vicente, B. B., & Kennedy, C. (2004). A new measure of perfectionism: The Perfectionism Inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 82, 80-91.
  30. Kawamura, K. Y., Frost, R. O., & Hamartz, M. G. (2002). The relationship of perceived parenting styles to perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 317-327.
  31. Kenney-Benson, G. A, & Pomerantz, E. M. (2005). The role of mother’s use of control in children’s perfectionism. Journal of Personality, 73, 23.
  32. Klien, M. (1992). The enemies of love. Transactional Analysis Journal, 22, 79-81
  33. Koerner, F. A., & Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2002). Toward a theory of family communication. Communication Theory, 12(1), 70-91.
  34. Koerner, F. A., & Maki, L. (2004, July). Family communication patterns and social support in families of origin and adult children's subsequent intimate relationships. Paper presented at the International Association for Relationship Research Conference, Madison.
  35. Kretchmar, M. (2002). Observant mother-child relationship across generation boundary patterns attachment and the transmission of care giving. Journal of Family Process, 64, 351-374.
  36. Lundh, L. G., Broman, J. E., Hetta, J., & Saboonchi, F. (1994). Perfectionism and insomnia. Scandinavian Journal of Behavior Therapy, 23, 3-18.
  37. Lynd-Stevenson, R. M., & Hearne, C. M. (1999). Perfectionism and depressive affect: The pros and cons of being a perfectionist. Personality and Individual Differences, 26, 549-562.
  38. Missildine, W. H. (1963). Your inner child of the past. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  39. Neumeister, K. L. S. (2002). Perfectionism in gifted college students: Family influences and implications for achievement. By Review, 02783193, Fall2003, 26, Issue 1.
  40. Neumeister, K. L. S. (2004). Factors influencing the development of perfectionism in gifted college students. The Gifted Child Quarterly, 48(4), 259.
  41. O’Connor, R. C., & O’Connor, D. B. (2003). Predicting hopelessness and psychological distress: The role of perfectionism and coping. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 3, 362-372.
  42. Pacht, A. R. (1984). Reactions on perfectionism. American Psychologist, 39, 386-390.
  43. Parker, W. D., & Raffield, T. (1996). Perfectionism in academically talented children and their parents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 26, 651-667
  44. Parker, W. D., & Stumpf, H. (1995). An examination of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale with a sample of academically talented children. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 13, 372-383.
  45. Parker, W. D, (2000). Healthy perfectionism in the gifted. The Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 11(4), 173.
  46. Peterson, R., & Green, S. (1990). Families first-key to successful family functioning: Communication. Virginia: Virginia cooperative Extension.
  47. Powdthavee, N., & Vignoles, A. (2008). Mental health of parents and life satisfaction of children: A within-family analysis of intergenerational transmission of well-being. Social Indicators Research, 88, 397-422.
  48. Rachman, S. (1993). Obsessions, responsibility and guilt. Behavior Research and Therapy, 31, 149-154.
  49. Ram, A. (2005). The relationship of positive and negative perfectionism to academic achievement, achievement, motivation, and well-being in tertiary students. Unpublished master thesis, University of Canterbury, New Zealand.
  50. Rice, K. G., Ashby, J. S., & Preusser, K. J., (1996). Perfectionism, relationships with parents, and self-esteem. Individual Psychology: Journal of Adlerian Theory, Research and Practice, 52(3), 246–260.
  51. Rice, K. G., Ashby, J. S., & Slany, R. B. (1998). Self-esteem as a mediator between perfectionism and depression: A structural equation analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 304-314.
  52. Saddler, C. D., & Buckland, R. L. (1995). The Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale: Correlations with depression in college students with learning disabilities. Psychological Reports, 77, 483-490.
  53. Schuler, P. A. (2000). Perfectionism in the gifted adolescent. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 11, 183-196.
  54. Sherry, S. B., Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., & Harvey, M. (2003). Perfectionism dimensions, perfectionistic attitudes, dependent attitudes, and depression in psychiatric patients and university students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50, 373-386.
  55. Stober, J. (1998). The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale revisited: More perfect with four (instead of six) dimensions. Personality and Individual Differences, 24, 481-491.
  56. Stoeber, J., & Otto, K. (2006). Positive conceptions of perfectionism: Approaches, evidence, challenges. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10, 295-319.
  57. Stober, J., Stoll, O., Pescheck, E., & Otto, K. (2008). Perfectionism and achievement goals in athletes: Relations with approach and avoidance orientations in mastery and performance goals. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 9(2), 102-121.
  58. Stumpf, H., & Parker, W. D. (1999). A hierarchical structural analysis of perfectionism and its relation to other personality characteristics. Personality and Individual Differences, 28, 837-852.
  59. Terry-Short, L. A., Owens, R. G., Slade, P. D., & Dewey, M. E. (1995). Positive and negative perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 18, 663–668.
  60. Vieth, A. Z., & Trull, T. J. (1999). Family patterns of perfectionism: An examination of college students and their parents. Journal of Personality Assessment, 72, 49-67.
  61. Wyatt, R., & Gilbert, P. (1998). Dimensions of perfectionism: A study exploring their relationship with perceived social rank and status. Personality and Individual Differences, 24, 71-79.
خانواده پژوهی
دوره 8، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 4
اردیبهشت 1391
صفحه 405-425

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار