رابطه‌ سبک‌های فرزندپروری والدین و آسیب‌های کودکی ادراک شده فرزندان با سبک‌های دلبستگی بزرگسالی آنها

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه خوارزمی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی

2 دانشیار دانشگاه خوارزمی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی

چکیده

بسیاری از پژوهش‌های انجام شده در زمینه دلبستگی بیان کرده‌اند که تعاملات مراقب ـ کودک و واکنش‌های مراقب به کودک، نقشی اساسی در شکل‌گیری دلبستگی کودک ایفا می‌کنند. هدف این پژوهش تبیین چرخه انتقال بین‌نسلی سبک‌های دلبستگی بود که در این راستا به بررسی تأثیر سبک‌های فرزندپروری والدین و آسیب‌های کودکی بر سبک‌های دلبستگی فرزندان پرداخته شد. در این پژوهشِ پس رویدادی با طرح علی، 175 نفر از دانشجویان ایرانی به روش در دسترس از دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران و علوم پزشکی البرز انتخاب شده و به ابزار پیوند والدین، پرسش‌نامه آسیب‌های کودکی و پرسش‌نامه سبک‌های دلبستگی بزرگسالان پاسخ دادند. داده‌ها به وسیله آزمون تحلیل واریانس، تحلیل میانجی و تحلیل مسیر مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان دادند که تفاوت در سبک‌های فرزندپروری والدین موجب تفاوت در سبک‌های دلبستگی فرزندان آن‌ها می‌شود. نتایج تنها از رابطه بین دو مؤلفه مراقبت و کنترل والدین با شاخص اجتناب دلبستگی حمایت کردند و بین این مؤلفه‌ها با شاخص اضطراب، رابطه‌ای مشاهده نشد. از طرفی آزار عاطفی ادراک شده‌، در رابطه بین مؤلفه‌های فرزندپروری والدین و شاخص اجتناب دلبستگی فرزندان، میانجیگری می‌کند. نهایتاً به مدلی دست یافتیم که چگونگی تأثیر هم‌زمان دو عامل مراقبت و کنترل بر شاخص اجتناب، با میانجیگری آسیب‌های ادراک شده کودکان را نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship of Parenting Styles and Offspring’s Perceived Childhood Traumas with their Attachment Styles in Adulthood

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Akbarian FirouzAbadi 1
  • Ali Bahari 1
  • Shahram Mohammadkhani 2
1 Clinical Psychology, Kharazmi University
2 Clinical Psychology, Kharazmi University
چکیده [English]

Various studies on attachment show that child-caregiver interaction and caregiver’s reaction to child have momentous role in formation of child’s attachment. The aim of this study was to explain the intergenerational transmission cycle of attachment styles. In this regard the effect of parenting styles and childhood traumas on children’s attachment styles was investigated. This study is an ex post facto with causal design, and 175 Iranian available students were selected from Kharazmi University, Tehran University and Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Participants completed the Parental Bonding Instrument, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Adult Attachment Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, mediation analysis, and path analysis. The results indicated that different parenting styles lead to different attachment styles in children. Our results supported the relationship between parent’s care and over-protection factors with avoidance index of attachment, while no significant relationship was observed between these two factors with anxiety index. Moreover, perceived emotional abuse had a mediator roll in the relationship between parenting components and avoidance index of attachment. Finally, we achieved a model of simultaneous effects of two care and control factors on avoidance index, which is mediated by the perceived childhood trauma.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Parenting Style- Childhood Traumas- Attachment Style

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